Category Archives: Linux / cPanel

Reseller Hosting: How to setup reverse DNS in WHM

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One of the often overlooked aspects of web hosting is reverse DNS. A website will not connect to users who type in a domain name if the forward DNS does not identify the IP address associated with it, but some domains do not have reverse DNS, despite it being an established Internet standard.

Among other uses, reverse DNS can help security-conscious users and professionals verify that the relationship between a domain and an IP address is valid, which helps prevent spam, phishing, and other nefarious activities.

When you manage your server with WHM from cPanel, it is easy to setup reverse DNS records for your IP addresses. Just follow these steps:

Create a reverse DNS zone file

  1. Login to WHM and navigate to DNS Functions -> Add a DNS Zone
  2. Type in your IP address (example – 192.168.254.254)
  3. Enter the reverse DNS name (example -254.128.192.in-addr.arpa). For instructions on adding the appropriate reverse DNS name, see naming an IPv4 zone and naming an IPv6 zone.

Edit the reverse DNS zone file

Now, you will need to create each PTR record.

  1. From the main WHM page, go to DNS Functions-> Edit DNS Zone
  2. Under where it says “Add New Entries Below This Line”, enter the corresponding octet or nibble (the final number in the IP address). Example: 254. In the drop down menu, select “PTR”.
  3. Enter the associated domain name for that IP address
  4. Repeat for each IP address

To check that your reverse DNS is working, you can type this from the command line:

host 192.168.254.254

and the output should look like this:

254.254.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer www.yourdomain.com

Alternatively, you can find numerous free reverse DNS lookup tools on the web. For more information about setting up reverse DNS in WHM, see the cPanel documentation.

Launching Linux Reseller Hosting Plans

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Internal Server Error help, 500 error

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Internal server errors can be caused by a few different things. Please check the Error Logs in cPanel for specific information.

Alternatively, here are the most common reasons for 500 errors:

(1) Bad Permissions

Directories and folders should be 755. Executable scripts within the cgi-bin folder must be 755. Images, media, and text files like HTML should be 644.

(2) Bad .htaccess

In the (dot) htaccess file, you may have added lines that are either worded badly or conflicting. The best way to troubleshoot this is comment out the lines in the htaccess.

You can comment out a line in the .htaccess by adding # to the beginning. You are wise to save an original copy of any file before you make changes.
For example, if the .htaccess looks like

DirectoryIndex default.html
AddType application/x-httpd-php5 php

Then try something like this

DirectoryIndex default.html
#AddType application/x-httpd-php5 php

Broken lines and lines that start with php_flag are the most common mistakes. If you cannot determine which line is the problem, then comment out every line.

(3) Exceeding Resources

It is possible your 500 error is caused by too many processes in the server queue.

With SSH (shell) access, you can view the processes running on your account. Simply type this command:
ps faux

Or type this to view a specific user’s account (be sure to replace username with the actual username):
ps faux |grep username

Our server administrators will be able to advise you how to avoid this error. Please send email to support@hamarahost.com along with the steps needed to see the 500 error on your site.

How to park a domain on an addon domain

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cPanel has yet to offer this option although it can be done.

In order to park a domain on top of an addon domain, please do the following:

1. Login to cPanel and click Addon Domains
2. In the field to the right of “New Domain Name”, type the domain name you wish to park on top of your addon domain
3. Click outside the text box and your other settings will populate.
4. Under “Document Root:”, erase everything except “public_html”
5. Look down to your current addon domain and its “Document Root”
6. Take the “Document Root” and insert it in the field to the right of “Document Root:” at the top.
7. Insert any password in the password field. (You won’t need to remember this password, so just use the Generate Password button.)
8. Click Add Domain!

You have now just parked a domain onto of an addon domain.

Note: If you receive an error similar to this:

Error from domain wrapper: Domain already exists, it was not added.: example.domain.com

This could be due to one of two reasons:

1. The domain you are adding has already been added and therefore already exists. So, you will need to delete the domain from Addons, Parked or Subdomains before proceeding.
2. The subdomain which cPanel automatically generates already exists. When this happens, you can manually change the subdomain which cPanel generates for your addon domain.
* EXAMPLE: If you are trying to park example.com on example.com.au, cPanel will fill in the “subdomain/ftp username” field with “example” (which may already exist). Just change the “subdomain/ftp username” to a new variation, like “exampleau”.

Related Articles

* Park Wrapper Error

How to navigate through File Manager

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File Manager is an quick and easy way to navigate through you files.

Check out our File Manager movie tutorial.

To access File Manager:

1. Login to cPanel and click File Manager.
2. In the pop-up box, choose to open Web Root and Show hidden files.

I don’t see the pop-up box. You have selected the “Skip this question, and always open this directory in the future when opening File Manager” option. To make the pop-up reappear, simply click reset all interface settings at the very bottom of your cPanel.
To enter a folder:

1. Double click the blue folder icon next to the name of the folder.
2. Repeat as needed.

To leave a folder:

1. At the top, click Up One Level.
2. Repeat as needed.

How to log into cPanel

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Please watch our movie tutorial on how to login to cPanel.
Please note that you only get one login per cPanel. If you create addon, parked and subdomains, then those domains do not have a separate cPanel nor a separate login. Hint: To login to the cPanel for your addon domain, just login to your main cPanel. It is all managed under one control panel.

If you recently purchased a new account with HamaraHost, you should type the following information into the address bar of your browser:

http://YourSitesIPAddress/cpanel

(Example: http://1.2.3.4/cpanel)

If your domain name is already pointing to HamaraHost, then you can use the domain name to log into cPanel. Here is an example:

http://www.yourdomainname.com/cpanel

or

http://cpanel.yourdomainname.com/

Click here to read secure login to cPanel.

The username and password can be found in your welcome email. If you do not have the correct login, please contact HamaraHost via phone, live chat, or email sales@HamaraHost.com for help.
Related Articles

* General Info & Getting Started Page
* I didn’t get my welcome email or have since lost it. How can I have it resent?
* I forgot my password and need a reset.
* When will my domain start working? Propagation

How to install a script using Fantastico

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Fantastico is a great addition to cPanel, which allows users to install the great open source software in just a few clicks. To install a script using Fantastico, please do the following:

1. Click Fantastico De Luxe
2. Click on the script which you would like to install.
3. You will now see the details for the script. This includes a description, the vendors website and a few other details.
4. Click the text which says New Installation
5. Under the drop down for Install on domain, please select the domain name where you want this script.
6. In the blank field for Install in directory, we recommend you put a name which resembles the name of the script (i.e. you can use cart for Zen Cart or blog for WordPress).
7. You will now be prompt to enter some information about the site. This information is different between each script.* On all scripts the most important thing is to enter a user name and password to be able to access the script admin area.
8. Follow the instructions until you get to the last page.
9. The last page has some good information for which you may want to print or write down. It will provide you with the link to access the admin section of the script.

*Typical Email Configuration:
Email account: your-name@your-domain.tld
Pop/smtp server: mail.your-domain.tld
Server port: 110
Authentication method: plain

If Fantastico says you cannot install more than one script to the directory, you must uninstall the existing script. If you are sure there is no script installed in that folder, then please contact us via phone or live chat.

Related Articles

* How to remove a script from Fantastico

How to generate/download a full backup

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A full backup is a backup of all of your files, e-mail, databases, etc. To run a full backup, you can not download the full backup right away. The backup takes time to perform and the server will send you an email once the backup is ready to download. Below are steps to requesting the backup to be performed.

Note: You may only create cPanel backups of 4 GB or less.

1. Click Backups
2. Click Generate/ Download Full Backup
3. In the drop down menu, select Home Directory
4. In the box to the right of Email Address, type the email address where you will receive notification once the back up is done.
5. Leave the rest of the settings blank.
6. Click Generate back up.
7. This will generate the back up for you and place the TAR.GZ file inside of your Home Directory.
8. You can now download the backup via cpanel / FTP/ or SSH

If you would like to download the backup from cPanel (easiest way), please do the following:

1. Click Backups
2. Click Generate/Download a Full Backup
3. Under “Backups Available for Download”, click the link with the file name of the backup.
4. It will then start to download.
5. Select a destination on your PC for where you would like to save it to.
6. Click Save

How do I restore my own backup?

A full backup must be restored by the root user for the server. We will restore your full backups for free. Simply fill out this form. When you get to the instructions, please indicate the name of the file and where we can find it.
Related Articles

* Can I use FTP as an off server backup?
* How to schedule backups – Windows dedicated
* Scheduled backups – Linux

How to download a home directory backup

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Backups are very important part of maintaining a website. It is important to backup your files on a week to week or month to month basis. A home directory backup will backup all of the files in your home directory. This can be useful to backup the files of your site. However, it will not backup DNS, MySQL, or other system files and settings.

1. Click Backups
2. Click Download a home directory backup
3. Click save as
4. Select a desstination for where you would like the back up to locally be saved to.
5. Click Save

The backup will start downloading to the destination you have chosen. The backup file will be in a .tar.gz file which can be opened with any Linux command line. Also, you can unzip this file from a windows based machine if you have the appropriate software. I recommend “winrar”. You can download a copy of it at: http://www.download.com

How do I restore my own backup?
A Home backup can be restored in cPanel, at the same place where you made the backup.
Related Articles

* How to generate/download a full backup

How to disable anonymous FTP

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Anonymous FTP is disabled by default. You will require a Business plan or better and a dedicated IP to enable anonymous FTP.

Please note: Anonymous FTP on a Business or reseller plan can only be used for viewing and downloading, not uploading. Dedicated accounts can allow anonymous uploads.

We do not recommend using Anonymous FTP as it is a security risk. (Because it allows any person to access FTP without identifying themselves.)

I think it is on!

If you are connecting and see a ‘pub’ folder, then anonymous FTP is not enabled. (That folder is not on your account; it is on the server.)

How to create/edit/delete a file using the File Manager

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There may be times when you wish to create, edit, or delete a file or folder in your account. You can use cPanel to modify your files.

Before you read, watch the movie tutorial instead.

To modify your files through file manager, please do the following:

1. Login to cPanel and click File Manager.
2. Choose to open Web Root and Show hidden files.
3. Locate the file and check the box next to it.
4. You have several options at the top: copy, move, delete, edit. Click the option you want.

To create a file through file manager, please do the following:

1. Login to cPanel and click File Manager.
2. Choose to open Web Root and Show hidden files.
3. Click the New File or New Folder button at the top of the page.
4. In the pop-up box, enter the name of the newly created file or folder. (Files will have a name and extension separated by a dot, but folders have only the one name.)
5. Click the Create New File or Create New Folder button.